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Neurofarmacologia

Neuropharmacology

Componenti

Settore ERC

LS7_7 - Pharmacology and toxicology

Attività

Identificare target farmacologici per prevenire i danni legati alla neuroinfiammazione e alla neurodegenerazione, utilizzando modelli cellulari.

Le cellule della barriera emato-encefalica come target farmacologico

La barriera ematoencefalica (BEE) è una struttura che circonda il sistema nervoso centrale (CNS), limitando l’accesso di sostanze potenzialmente dannose, tra cui anche farmaci.  
Essa stessa può essere però coinvolta in patologie del CNS, contribuendo all’aggravarsi dell’infiammazione e della neurodegenerazione, come nella sclerosi multipla o nell’Alzheimer.
È importante identificare possibili target farmacologici che permettano alla BEE di mantenere le sue caratteristiche e proprietà.

Neurophermacology

bbb model

Utilizzo di un modello in vitro di BEE, costituita da linee cellulari di origine umana, per valutare gli effetti che varie sostanze possono avere sulle proprietà della barriera.

BBB Model

Le cellule microgliali rappresentano le cellule immunocompetenti del SNC, e sono le prime a rispondere a uno stimolo infiammatorio.
La microglia può anche attivamente interagire con le componenti cellulari della BEE, e modificarne le sue proprietà. 
È importante quindi identificare potenziali target farmacologici anche a livello delle cellule microgliali. 

Neuropharmacology Microglial

Per valutare le proprietà della barriera emato-encefalica in risposta a trattamenti farmacologici, verranno utilizzate colture di linee continue di origine umana:

  • Valutazione della permeabilità della barriera endoteliale a molecole coniugate con coloranti fluorescenti
  • Valutazione della resistenza elettrica transepiteliale (TEER)
  • Valutazione con metodiche di imaging confocale delle giunzioni tra cellule endoteliali
  • Valutazione della migrazione transendoteliale con modelli statici
  • Principali metodiche di biologia molecolare, come RT-PCR, western blot e indagini citofluorimetriche

Targeting barriers leakage to prevent diabetic nephropathy and brain: which scope for traditional herbal remedies? (Grant for Internationalization - GFI - Programmazione Triennale 21-23)


Blood-brain barrier, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, astrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells

Using in vitro models, identify potential pharmacological targets to prevent damage associated to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, that are present in several disorders of the central nervous system (CNS).

The blood-brain barrier as potential pharmacological target. Involvement of the different cellular components

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a complex structure that protect the central nervous system (CNS), preventing the access of blood-borne molecules, drugs and immune cells that can potentially damage it. It is constituted by highly specialized endothelial cells, that are supported by pericytes, astrocytes and microglia in their activity.
The BBB can be involved in several CNS affections (like multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease), contributing to the onset of inflammation and neurodegeneration.

It is important to identify potential pharmacological targets to prevent BBB damage.

Neurophermacology

bbb model

Set up of an in vitro BBB model, constituted by human derived cell-lines, to evaluate the effects that potential drugs may exert on barrier properties

BBB Model

Microglia are the CNS immune resident cells, and they are the first to respond to an inflammatory insult. Interacting with the other cellular components of the BBB may modulate its properties. Is important to identify potential pharmacological targets on microglial cells to prevent their inflammatory response and to prevent neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation and BBB damage.   

Neuropharmacology Microglial                                                                                                                          

The in vitro BBB model is constituted by human derived cell lines, whose properties after pharmacological treatment will be tested using:

  • Evaluation of BBB permeability to fluorescent-conjugated solutes
  • Evaluation of the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER)
  • Confocal imaging of junctional connections between endothelial cells at the BBB
  • Static transendothelial migration assay
  • Principal biochemical technique, RT-PCR, western blotting, cytofluorimetric analysis

Targeting barriers leakage to prevent diabetic nephropathy and brain: which scope for traditional herbal remedies? (Grant for Internationalization - GFI - Programmazione Triennale 21-23)


Blood-brain barrier, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, astrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells

Prodotti della ricerca

  • Spampinato SF, Costantino G, Merlo S, Canonico PL, Sortino MA Microglia Contributes to BAF-312 Effects on Blood–Brain Barrier Stability. Biomolecules 2022, 12, 1174. https:// doi.org/10.3390/biom12091174 
  • Spampinato SF, Takeshita Y, Obermeier B. An In Vitro Model of the Blood-Brain Barrier to Study Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of β-Amyloid and Its Influence on PBMC Infiltration. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2022, 2492, pp. 333–352   
  • Spampinato SF, Sortino MA., Salomone S. Sphingosine-1-phosphate and Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors in the cardiovascular system: pharmacology and clinical implications Advances in Pharmacologythis link is disabled, 2022, 94, pp. 95–139  
  • Rosa AC, Nardini P, Sgambellone S, Gurrieri M, Spampinato SF, Dell’Accio A, Chazot PL, Obara I, Liu WL Pini A (2022). CNS-Sparing Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonist as a Candidate to Prevent the Diabetes-Associated Gastrointestinal Symptoms Biomolecules, 12, 184. doi:10.3390/biom12020184  
  • Spampinato SF, Merlo S, Costantino G, Sano Y, Kanda T, Sortino MA (2021) Decreased astrocytic CCL2 accounts for BAF-312 effects on PBMCs transendothelial migration through a blood brain barrier in vitro model Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 10.1007/s11481-021-10016-5  
  • Caruso G.I., Spampinato S.F., Costantino G., Sortino M.A., Merlo S.(2021).SIRT1-Dependent upregulation of BDNF in Human Microglia Challenged with Aβ: An Early but Transient Response Rescued by Melatonin.  Biomedicines 2021, 9, 466.10.3390/biomedicines9050466 
  • Spampinato S. F., Merlo S., Sano Y., Kanda T., Sortino M. A. (2021). Protective effect of the sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor agonist siponimodon disrupted blood brain barrier function. Biochemical Pharmacology,vol. 186, 114465, ISSN:0006-2952, doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114465 
  •  Merlo S., Spampinato S.F., Caruso G.I., Sortino M.A. (2020). The ambiguous role of microglia in Aβ toxicity: Chances for therapeutic intervention. CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY, vol. 18, p. 446-455, ISSN: 1570-159X,  doi: 10.2174/1570159X18666200131105418  
  • Spampinato S.F., Merlo S., Fagone E., Fruciano M., Sano Y., Kanda T., Sortino M.A. (2020). Reciprocal Interplay Between Astrocytes and CD4+ Cells Affects Blood-Brain Barrier and Neuronal Function in Response to β  FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE,  vol 13, 120,ISSN: 1662-5099,  eCollection 2020 doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00120.  
  • Spampinato S.F., Bortolotto V., Canonico P.L., Sortino M.A., Grilli M.G. (2019). Astrocyte-Derived Paracrine Signals: Relevance for Neurogenic Niche Regulation and Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY, vol 10,1346, ISSN: 1663-9812, 
  • Spampinato S. F., Merlo S., Fagone E., Fruciano M., Barbagallo C., Kanda T., Sano Y., Purrello M., Vancheri C., Ragusa M., Sortino M. A. (2019). Astrocytes modify migration of PBMCs induced by β-amyloid in a blood-brain barrier in vitro model. FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE, 13, ISSN: 1662-5102,  doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00337
  • Merlo S., Spampinato S.F., Beneventano M., Sortino M.A. (2018). The contribution of microglia to early synaptic compensatory responses that precede ß-amyloid-induced neuronal death. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 8, 7297, ISSN: 2045-2322,  doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25453-1  
  • Spampinato S.F., Merlo S., Sano Y., Kanda T., Sortino M.A. (2017). Astrocytes contribute to Aβ-induced blood-brain barrier damage through activation of endothelial MMP9. JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, vol 142, 464-477, ISSN: 1471-4159, doi: 10.1111/jnc.14068. 
  • Takeshita Y., Obermeier B., Cotleur A.C., Spampinato S.F., Shimizu F., Yamamoto E., Sano Y., Kryzer T.J.,  Lennon V.A.,  Kanda T., Ransohoff  R.M. (2016). Effects of neuromyelitis optica–IgG at the blood–brain barrier in vitro.  Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. Vol 4, e311  
  • Prager B.#, Spampinato S.F.#, Ransohoff R.M. (2015). Sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling at the blood-brain barrier. TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE, vol 21, 354-363, ISSN: 1471-4914,  doi: 10.1016/ j.molmed.2015.03.006 # Co-first authors.  
  • Spampinato S.F., Obermeier B., Cotleur A., Love A., Takeshita Y., Sano Y., Kanda T., Ransohoff R.M. (2015). Sphingosine 1 Phosphate at the Blood Brain Barrier: Can the Modulation of S1P Receptor 1 Influence the Response of Endothelial Cells and Astrocytes to Inflammatory Stimuli? PLOS ONE, vol 10, e0133392, ISSN: 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133392. eCollection 2015 
  • Spampinato S.F., Merlo S., Molinaro G., Battaglia G., Bruno V., Nicoletti F., Sortino M.A. (2012). Dual Effect of 17-β-Estradiol on NMDA-Induced Neuronal Death: Involvement of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor. ENDOCRINOLOGY, vol 153, 5940-5948, ISSN: 0013-7227,  
  • Spampinato S.F., Merlo S., Nicoletti F., Sortino M.A. (2012). A Main Role for Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 in the Neuroprotective Effect of Estrogen.  MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR  PHARMACOLOGY, vol 4, 61-67, ISSN: 1938-1247
  • Spampinato S.F., Molinaro G., Merlo S., Iacovelli L., Caraci F., Battaglia G., Nicoletti F., Bruno V., Sortino M.A. (2012). Estrogen receptors and type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors are interdependent in protecting cortical neurons against ß-amyloid toxicity. MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY, vol. 81, p. 12-20, ISSN: 0026-895X,  doi: 10.1124/mol.111.074021. 
  • Merlo S., Spampinato S.F., Canonico P.L., Copani A., Sortino M.A. (2010). Alzheimer's disease: brain expression of a metabolic disorder?  TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM, vol. 21, p. 537-544 doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2010.05.005

Tag: Blood-brain barrier, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, astrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells

Ultimo aggiornamento: 11/05/2023 11:03
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